废旧锂电池正极材料回收技术研究进展

介绍了当前国内外三种车用锂电池正极材料的回收技术,包括火法冶金技术、湿法冶金技术和生物冶金技术。经过比较,以酸浸出—沉淀/萃取法为工艺流程的湿法技术对设备和能耗要求低、浸出效率高,是工业上方便引入的一种优异技术。     

从云南某锌浸出渣中回收锌锗的试验研究

对锌浸出渣中锌、锗和铁进行高压选择性浸出,采用P204萃取去除浸出液中铁元素,使浸出液中的锌、锗元素得到富集。高压选择性浸出试验结果表明,锌的平均浸出率高达96.77%,锗的平均浸出率高达70.86%,而铁的平均浸出率仅为55.44%。萃取除铁试验表明,经三级萃取后,三价铁离子的萃取率大于99.5%,萃余液中三价铁离子浓度小于0.01 g/L,可循环进入湿法炼锌工艺中使用。     

改善硫精矿浓密机溢流跑浑试验研究

本文旨在改善某选厂硫精矿浓密机溢流跑浑问题,对生产现场进行勘察和分析,分析浓密机溢流跑浑的原因,并开展原矿配比和沉降试验研究。对采场原矿矿样和硫精矿矿浆进行系统的试验研究,分别采用不同沉降方案进行条件试验,考察絮凝剂种类、絮凝剂用量、pH调整剂用量、不同药剂之间的配比等条件对沉降的影响,确定合适的原矿配比及合理药剂制度,有效地控制金属在溢流中的损失,充分获取现有产品的蕴含价值。     

锂铍稀有金属选矿及综合利用研究现状及展望

简述了锂铍稀有金属资源分布、需求以及选矿工艺现状,并对浮选作用机理进行了概况。指出联合选矿工艺将成为复杂锂铍资源分离的发展趋势；仍需要加强锂铍浮选作用机理研究,丰富稀有金属浮选基础理论；开发绿色高效环保的浮选药剂,减少环境污染；强化钽、铌、锡、石英和长石等伴生资源的综合利用,降低固废排放。     

铜硫分离中银的选择性导向回收

为了研究新型抑制剂在铜硫分离过程中对银浮选行为的影响, 采用石灰和LY作为硫抑制剂, 通过6种动力学模型, 分别考察了低碱和高碱环境下铜、银和铁的浮选回收率及动力学行为。结果表明, 6种动力学模型均可较好地拟合试验数据。石灰选择性较差, 在低碱性介质中对黄铁矿的抑制效果较弱, 在强碱性介质中不利于铜和银矿物的回收; 而LY在铜硫分离过程中表现出良好的选择性, 它可以在低碱和高碱环境下强烈抑制黄铁矿, 并在弱碱性矿浆中实现铜硫的高效分离, 同时诱导独立银矿物定向富集至铜精矿产品中。     

Flotation performance and adsorption mechanism of novel 1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)hex-2-en-1-one oxime flotation collector to malachite

A novel collector 1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)hex-2-en-1-one oxime (HPHO) was synthesized from 2-hydroxy acetophenone and butyraldehyde. Its flotation performance and adsorption mechanism to malachite were investigated by flotation test, zeta potential, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis techniques. Compared with benzohydroxamic acid (BA), 1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)ethan-1-one oxime (HPEO) and sodium isobutyl xanthate (SIBX), HPHO exhibited excellent collecting power to malachite without additional reagents, such as Na₂S regulator and methyl isobutyl carbinol (MIBC) frother. Results of zeta potential indicated that HPHO was coated on malachite surfaces through a chemisorption process. FTIR and XPS data gave clear evidence for the formation of Cu–oxime complex on malachite surfaces after HPHO adsorption through the linkage between C=C, –OH, N–OH group and Cu species.     

福建某镓锗伴生型铁矿石工艺矿物学研究

通过显微镜观察，采用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜能谱仪、电子探针及矿物自动检测仪等分析技术，对福建某镓锗伴生型沉积热液铁矿石的矿物组成、镓锗载体矿物嵌布特征、镓锗平衡分配以及赋存状态进行了系统研究，并讨论了镓、锗的替换机制。研究结果表明，矿石中主要有价金属为铁，并伴生有价金属元素镓、锗、钼、银。磁铁矿为最主要的铁矿物，同时也是镓、锗的主要赋存矿物。镓、锗主要是以类质同象置换的形式进入载体矿物的晶格，在矿石中表现出多种赋存形式。矿石中磁铁矿主要嵌布于脉石矿物中，粒度分布极不均匀，主要粒度范围为0.005~0.32 mm，粒级小于0.01 mm的微细粒级分布率高达16.26%，致使磨矿解离较为困难。选矿可采用磁选方法回收主要有用矿物磁铁矿，再通过湿法酸浸、净化、萃取等工艺进行浸出液铁、镓、锗的综合回收。从矿石中回收镓、锗的理论品位为27×10-6和112×10-6，理论回收率为40%和82%。      

Electron–hole recombination dynamics in carbon nanodots

Since their discovery, carbon nanodots (C-dots) have attracted great interest due to their strong photoluminescence (PL). Yet a full understanding of the mechanisms for PL from C-dots is still under debate. In this work, we analyzed the evolution of the time-resolved PL spectra of C-dots using picosecond time-resolved spectroscopy to explore the carrier dynamics in C-dots. Our results suggest two different pathways of electron–hole radiative recombination, each with distinct relaxation time scales: a relaxation of carriers from carbogenic core onto the surface states with a slow decay (>14 ns) and direct radiative recombination of carriers on the surface states with a fast decay (∼1.3 ns). The slow decay at short-wavelength emissions is dominant due to the effective relaxation from the carbogenic core onto the surface states, while the fast decay is dominant at long-wavelength emissions. An explanation for the excitation-dependent and independent PL properties of C-dots is also presented here using this carrier dynamic model.     

采用酯类捕收剂PZA提高铜、银回收率的选矿试验研究

在某硫化铜矿浮选过程中,进行了酯类捕收剂PZA与丁基黄药、丁基铵黑药、Z200等对比研究,发现PZA对铜、银具有良好的选择性,与丁基黄药组合效果更佳。原矿铜、银品位分别为0.28%和8.50g/t情况下,采用铜硫混合浮选—铜硫分离工艺流程,最终获得了铜精矿Cu品位21.58%、回收率83.94%,Ag品位500.10g/t、回收率62.99%的技术指标,较好的实现了银在铜精矿的定向富集。